See verruca on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "verruca sock"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"form": "verrucas",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "verruca plantaris"
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],
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"A rounded projection or wart."
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"(mycology) A rounded projection or wart."
],
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"glosses": [
"A sexine element similar to a wart."
],
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[
"botany",
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],
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"(botany) A sexine element similar to a wart."
],
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"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vəˈɹuːkə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
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"ipa": "/vɛˈɹuːkə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-verruca.wav",
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"Southern-England"
]
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"word": "verruca"
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},
"expansion": "Latin verruca",
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"expansion": "Inherited from Latin verruca",
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"form": "verruche",
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"(medicine) verruca"
],
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{
"word": "brufolo"
},
{
"word": "verracchia"
},
{
"word": "verrucoso"
}
],
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"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
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}
],
"word": "verruca"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "verrucaria"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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}
],
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"descendants": [
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"lang_code": "ro",
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],
"word": "boroacă"
},
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}
],
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},
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"word": "verruca"
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"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
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},
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"descendants": [
{
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"word": "berruga"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Jersey Norman",
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"word": "véthue"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
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],
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}
],
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},
{
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"word": "verruga"
},
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"lang_code": "gl",
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{
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}
],
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},
{
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"word": "Verruca"
}
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},
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{
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],
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{
"form": "verrūca",
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"canonical",
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"form": "verrūcae",
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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"form": "verrūcārum",
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[
"verrūcārum",
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],
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"verrūcā",
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{
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"a steep place, height"
],
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],
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"an excrescence on precious stones"
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"ipa": "[verˈruː.ka]",
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],
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"form": "verrucas",
"tags": [
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},
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"form": "verrucae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "verrucae"
},
"expansion": "verruca (plural verrucas or verrucae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "verruca plantaris"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"A wart, especially one that grows on the foot, caused by a human papilloma virus."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"wart",
"wart"
],
[
"human papilloma virus",
"human papilloma virus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) A wart, especially one that grows on the foot, caused by a human papilloma virus."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mycology"
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded projection or wart."
],
"links": [
[
"mycology",
"mycology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mycology) A rounded projection or wart."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"mycology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A sexine element similar to a wart."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"sexine",
"sexine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A sexine element similar to a wart."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vəˈɹuːkə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/vɛˈɹuːkə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-verruca.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-verruca.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-verruca.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-verruca.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-verruca.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːkə"
}
],
"word": "verruca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:verruca"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rise\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wers-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ūca\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ūcus\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"verruca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"verruca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }\" data-lang=\"it\" data-title=\"verruca\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "verruca",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin verruca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "verruca"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin verruca",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin verruca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verruche",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "verruca f (plural verruche)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brufolo"
},
{
"word": "verracchia"
},
{
"word": "verrucoso"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with etymon",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wers- (rise)",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"it:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"verruca"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"verruca",
"verruca#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) verruca"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "verruca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wers- (rise)",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ucus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "verrucaria"
},
{
"word": "verrucosus"
},
{
"word": "verrucula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "boroacă"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "beregată"
}
],
"lang": "Balkano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "verruca"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "verracchia"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "brufolo"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "virruca"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "berruga"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Jersey Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf-jer",
"word": "véthue"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "verrue"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "verrue"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "verrue"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "verruga"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "verruga"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "berruga"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "baruga"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "verruga"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "verruga"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "baruga"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "verruga"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "berruga"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "verruca"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "verucă"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Verruca"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "itc-pro:<alt:*we/ors-u-><ety:der<ine-pro:*wers-<id:rise>>>",
"4": "-ūcus<alt:-ūca>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rise\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wers-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ūca\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ūcus\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"verruca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"verruca\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*we/ors-u-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *we/ors-u-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ūcus",
"alt1": "-ūca"
},
"expansion": "-ūca",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wers-",
"id": "rise",
"t": "to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“to rise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "врьхъ",
"3": "",
"4": "top, peak"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic врьхъ (vrĭxŭ, “top, peak”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕρμα",
"3": "",
"4": "reef, rock, hill"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἕρμα (hérma, “reef, rock, hill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "viršùs",
"3": "",
"4": "top"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian viršùs (“top”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ferr",
"3": "",
"4": "best"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ferr (“best”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "riso",
"3": "",
"4": "giant"
},
"expansion": "Old High German riso (“giant”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *we/ors-u- + -ūca, from Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“to rise”). Cognate with varus, varix, Old Church Slavonic врьхъ (vrĭxŭ, “top, peak”), Ancient Greek ἕρμα (hérma, “reef, rock, hill”), Lithuanian viršùs (“top”), Old Irish ferr (“best”), Old High German riso (“giant”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verrūca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcae",
"links": [
[
"verrūcae",
"verrucae"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūca",
"links": [
[
"verrūca",
"verruca#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcae",
"links": [
[
"verrūcae",
"verrucae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcae",
"links": [
[
"verrūcae",
"verrucae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcārum",
"links": [
[
"verrūcārum",
"verrucarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcae",
"links": [
[
"verrūcae",
"verrucae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcīs",
"links": [
[
"verrūcīs",
"verrucis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcam",
"links": [
[
"verrūcam",
"verrucam#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcās",
"links": [
[
"verrūcās",
"verrucas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcā",
"links": [
[
"verrūcā",
"verruca#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcīs",
"links": [
[
"verrūcīs",
"verrucis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūca",
"links": [
[
"verrūca",
"verruca#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "verrūcae",
"links": [
[
"verrūcae",
"verrucae#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verrūca<1>"
},
"expansion": "verrūca f (genitive verrūcae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verrūca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a steep place, height"
],
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a wart on the human body"
],
"links": [
[
"wart",
"wart"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an excrescence on precious stones"
],
"links": [
[
"excrescence",
"excrescence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[wɛrˈruː.ka]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[verˈruː.ka]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "verruca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for verruca meaning in All languages combined (13.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.